Presentation Date: Feb 14, 2026
AGSA Abstract
Hydrogen is gaining increasing recognition as a revolutionary source of energy and potential future fuel. Using integrated process-cost simulation and estimation approaches, we present the findings of techno-economic evaluations for three hydrogen production pathways: Steam Methane Reforming (SMR), SMR with Carbon Capture (SMR+CC), and Proton Exchange Membrane electrolysis (PEM). Process modeling and simulation are accomplished with Aspen Hysys® and Aspen Plus® (V10). Cost modeling and estimation are based on the entire lifecycle cost of production, utilizing the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) technique. For the SMR and PEM processes, respectively, feedstock natural gas and renewable energy are derived from Nigerian local sources and environmental factors. The basis used is a hydrogen production of 36 kg/hr (400 Nm³/hr). The SMR method has specific CO₂ emissions of 4.9 kg CO₂/kg H₂, according to the results. A 90% capture efficiency is used for the SMR+CC process, whereas zero GHG emissions are assumed for PEM technologies. The yield of hydrogen in SMR, SMR+CC, and PEM processes is 74%, 93%, and 99%, respectively. The Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) for SMR, SMR+CC, and PEM processes is $1.44/𝑘𝑔𝐻₂, $2.26/𝑘𝑔𝐻₂, and $4.67/𝑘𝑔𝐻₂, respectively. These results highlight a clear trade-off between cost competitiveness and environmental performance. While SMR remains the most economical route, PEM electrolysis offers the most sustainable pathway with zero direct emissions. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders in designing strategies for low-carbon hydrogen production that are tailored to regional energy resources and decarbonization targets.
